ࡱ> ` bjbjss."n F:4nnn8tvT1~TTTTTVL(1111111$3h 6b>1Qn,!TT,!,!>1nnTT1''',!nTnT1',!1''V/@nnd0T `p#/ 0l101/xm6%m6d0d0m6nx04N^'L4>1>1b'X1,!,!,!,!Dnnnnnn 1817>AC40@AB2> 8 ?@02>>2K5 B5=45=F88 2 @0728B88 >AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020C@A>20O312008800 >>@48=0BK: M;5:B@>==0O ?>GB0  HYPERLINK "mailto:acher@wiseowl.ru" acher@wiseowl.ru,  HYPERLINK "mailto:ancher77@mail.ru" ancher77@mail.ru Icq 170552870, B5;5D>= 89168119086. www.wiseowl.ru !   TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609720" 2545=85  PAGEREF _Toc191609720 \h 3  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609721" ;020 1. 1I0O E0@0:B5@8AB8:0 @>AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020  PAGEREF _Toc191609721 \h 5  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609722" 1.1. A>15==>AB8 A8AB5<K ?@020 >AA88  PAGEREF _Toc191609722 \h 5  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609723" 1.2. A=>2=K5 >B@0A;8 A8AB5<K ?@020  PAGEREF _Toc191609723 \h 9  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609724" ;020 2. >2K5 B5=45=F88 @0728B8O @>AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020  PAGEREF _Toc191609724 \h 14  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609725" 2.1. !>>B=>H5=85 8 B5=45=F88 @0728B8O A8AB5<K ?@020 8 A8AB5<K 70:>=>40B5;LAB20  PAGEREF _Toc191609725 \h 14  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609726" 2.2. >20O ?@02>20O A8AB5<0 @5D>@<8@C5<>9 >AA88  PAGEREF _Toc191609726 \h 21  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609727" 0:;NG5=85  PAGEREF _Toc191609727 \h 29  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc191609728" !?8A>: 8A?>;L7>20==>9 ;8B5@0BC@K  PAGEREF _Toc191609728 \h 31  2545=85 >2K5 B5=45=F88 2 @0728B88 >AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020 - >4=0 87 206=KE 8 0:BC0;L=KE B5< =0 A53>4=OH=89 45=L. "5<0 @01>BK 0:BC0;L=0 ?>B><C, GB> ?@>87>H54H85 2 =0G0;5 ?@54K4CI53> 45AOB8;5B88 87<5=5=8O A>F80;L=>-?>;8B8G5A:>3> CAB@>9AB20 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 ?>B@51>20;8 A>740=8O =>2KE ?@02>2KE A@54AB2 A>F80;L=>3> @53C;8@>20=8O A8AB5<K >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, A>45@60I8EAO 2 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<5.  A2O78 A MB8<, B5>@5B8G5A:0O @07@01>B:0 :>=F5?F88 A>2@5<5==>9 @>AA89A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K 8 @50;L=>5 55 2>?;>I5=85 2 ?@0:B8G5A:>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, A>AB02;O5B >4=C 87 ?5@2>>G5@54=KE 7040G, >B @5H5=8O :>B>@>9 7028AOB <=>385 4@C385 ?@02>2K5 ?@>1;5<K, 2 G0AB=>AB8, 2>?@>AK, A2O70==K5 A A>25@H5=AB2>20=85< ?@020 2 F5;><, >?@545;5=85< 53> <5AB0 8 @>;8 A@548 4@C38E N@848G5A:8E O2;5=89 8 A>F80;L=KE @53C;OB>@>2. -B> AB0=>28BAO 0:BC0;L=K< 2 CA;>28OE ?>AB@>5=8O 45<>:@0B8G5A:>3> ?@02>2>3> 3>AC40@AB20, 345 ?@02> ?@8>1@5B05B 254CI55 7=0G5=85, 0 ?@02>20O =0C:0 =C6405BAO 2 >1>1I0NI59 :0B53>@88, ?>72>;ONI59 >?5@8@>20BL 5N ?@8 =0CG=>< 0=0;875 2A59 ?@02>2>9 459AB28B5;L=>AB8. "0:>9 C=825@A0;L=>9 :0B53>@859 8 O2;O5BAO ?>=OB85 ?@02>20O A8AB5<0. @02>20O A8AB5<0, O2;OOAL >A=>2=>9 @53C;8@CNI59 >1I5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O A8;>9, >ACI5AB2;O5B ?@02>2>5 @53C;8@>20=85 2 A>>B25BAB288 A ACI5AB2CNI8<8 A>F80;L=K<8, M:>=><8G5A:8<8, ?>;8B8G5A:8<8, 4CE>2=K<8 8 A:;04K20NI8<8AO =0 8E >A=>25 ?@02>2K<8 ?@8=F8?0<8, ACI5AB2CNI8<8 2 >1I5AB25 =0 :>=:@5B=>9 AB0488 53> @0728B8O. !;54>20B5;L=>, >4=8< 87 D0:B>@>2, >?@545;ONI8E D>@<8@>20=85 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K, O2;O5BAO 3>AC40@AB25==0O 845>;>38O. ! MB8E ?>78F89 =5>1E>48<> >B<5B8BL, GB> MDD5:B82=>ABL ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K =0?@O<CN 7028A8B >B :0G5AB20 2K@065=8O 2 ?@02>2KE =>@<0E ?@8=F8?>2 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, A>>B25BAB2CNI8E >1I5AB25==><C ?@02>A>7=0=8N, A;C60I53> :@8B5@85< ;538B8<=>AB8 B>3> 8;8 8=>3> =>@<0B82=>-?@02>2>3> 0:B0. @C38< :>=AB8BCB82=K< 0A?5:B>< ?>AB@>5=8O ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K O2;O5BAO 55 >1J5:B820F8O, :>B>@0O =0E>48B A2>5 2K@065=85 2> 2A59 A>2>:C?=>AB8 =>@<0B82=KE 0:B>2, 8740205<KE >@30=0<8 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8. >MB><C, >A=>2=>9 7040G59, 157 @5H5=8O :>B>@>9 =52>7<>6=> 4>AB8GL CA?5E>2 2 ;N1>9 AD5@5 >1I5AB25==>9 687=8, O2;O5BAO, ?@5645 2A53>, C:@5?;5=85 3>AC40@AB20 2 ;8F5 2A5E 8=AB8BCB>2 8 2A5E C@>2=59 2;0AB8. &5;LN @01>BK O2;O5BAO @0AA<>B@5=85 =>2KE B5=45=F89 2 @0728B88 >AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020. A=>2=K5 7040G8: 7CG8BL ;8B5@0BC@C ?> ?@>1;5<5 8AA;54>20=8O. 0 >A=>25 B5>@5B8G5A:>3> 0=0;870 87CG5=8O ?@>1;5<K A8AB5<0B878@>20BL 7=0=8O > >A>15==>ABOE @>AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020. 0AA<>B@5BL ACI=>ABL 8 A?5F8D8:C B5=45=F88 2 @0728B88 A8AB5<K ?@020. !8AB5<0B878@>20BL 8 >1>1I8BL ACI5AB2CNI85 2 A?5F80;L=>9 ;8B5@0BC@5, =0CG=K5 ?>4E>4K : 40==>9 ?@>1;5<5. ;O @0A:@KB8O ?>AB02;5==>9 B5<K >?@545;5=0 A;54CNI0O AB@C:BC@0: @01>B0 A>AB>8B 87 22545=8O, 42CE 3;02 8 70:;NG5=8O. 0720=8O 3;02 >B>1@0605B 8E A>45@60=85. ;020 1. 1I0O E0@0:B5@8AB8:0 @>AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020 1.1. A>15==>AB8 A8AB5<K ?@020 >AA88 !8AB5<0 @>AA89A:>3> ?@020 1K;0 ?@54<5B>< @O40 =0CG=KE 48A:CAA89 8A:CAA8O 1938 1940 33. ?>4G5@:=C;0 7=0G5=85 A8AB5<0B870F88 ?@020 4;O A>25@H5=AB2>20=8O 70:>=>40B5;LAB20.  E>45 >1AC645=8O 1K; ?@87=0= >1J5:B82=K9 :@8B5@89 @0745;5=8O ?@020 =0 >B@0A;8  ?@54<5B ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, ?>4 :>B>@K< ?>=8<0NBAO B5 8;8 8=K5 >1I5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O, ?>A:>;L:C >=8 >B@060NBAO, 70:@5?;ONBAO 8 >E@0=ONBAO ?@02><. @8 87CG5=88 @0728B8O >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 2KO2;O5BAO =5>1E>48<>ABL 2 4>?>;=8B5;L=>< :@8B5@88 4;O @073@0=8G5=8O >B45;L=KE >B@0A;59 ?@020. #G0AB=8:8 48A:CAA88 1956 1958 33., =5 >B:07K20OAL >B 48DD5@5=F80F88 =>@< ?@020 ?> >B45;L=K< >B@0A;O< 2 A>>B25BAB288 A ?@54<5B>< ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, 2KO28;8 =5>1E>48<>ABL 2 4>?>;=8B5;L=>< 2A?><>30B5;L=>< :@8B5@88, 2 :0G5AB25 :>B>@>3> 1K; 2K428=CB <5B>4 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O. .. (0@3>@>4A:889 8 .!. >DD5, 2 G0AB=>AB8, ?8A0;8: >4 <5B>4>< @53C;8@>20=8O A;54C5B ?>=8<0BL A?5F8D8G5A:89 A?>A>1, ?@8 ?><>I8 :>B>@>3> 3>AC40@AB2> =0 >A=>25 40==>9 A>2>:C?=>AB8 N@848G5A:8E =>@< >15A?5G8205B =C6=>5 5<C ?>2545=85 ;N459 :0: CG0AB=8:>2 ?@02>>B=>H5=89. = <>65B 2K@060BLAO 2 2845 ?@54?8A0=8O, 70?@5B0, 4>72>;5=8O 8 B. ?.. 1I5AB25==0O ?@0:B8:0 =5 AB>8B =0 <5AB5, 2 E>45 @0728B8O >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 ?>O2;O5BAO =5>1E>48<>ABL 2 8E ?@02>2>< >?>A@54>20=88 (70?@5I5=88 >4=8E, ?>>I@5=88 4@C38E, @53C;8@>20=88 B@5BL8E), ?>O2;ONBAO =>2K5 >B@0A;8 ?@020, B0:85, :0: D8=0=A>2>5, 75<5;L=>5, 2>4=>5, ;5A=>5, ?@8@>4>>E@0==>5, ?@02> A>F80;L=>3> >15A?5G5=8O 8 4@. A5 MB8 ?@02>2K5 >1I=>AB8 =C640NBAO 2 =0CG=>< >A<KA;5=88, 2 >?@545;5=88 8E <5AB0 2 A8AB5<5 @>AA89A:>3> ?@020. >?KB:8 4>:070BL =0;8G85 C :064>9 >B@0A;8 ?@020 A2>53> A?5F80;L=>3> <5B>40 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O 2 @O45 A;CG052 >:070;8AL =5A>AB>OB5;L=K<8, GB> >B=>A8BAO, =0?@8<5@, : 75<5;L=><C, D8=0=A>2><C ?@02C 8 B. 4. !;54AB285< MB>3> O28;AO >B:07 @O40 CG5=KE >B ?@87=0=8O <5B>40 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O A8AB5<>>1@07CNI8< :@8B5@85< 8 ?>8A: =>2KE, 4>?>;=8B5;L=KE :@8B5@852, 2 :0G5AB25 :>B>@KE ?@54;030;8AL <5E0=87< ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, F5;L 8 A>45@60=85 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, =0;8G85 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>9 >B25BAB25==>AB8, ?@02>2K5 ?@8=F8?K, 7040G8 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O 8 B. 4. & & & K, >4=0:>, @0745;O5< <=5=85 CG5=KE, >1>A=>2K20NI8E :;0AA8G5A:>5 ?>=8<0=85 A8AB5<K ?@020 8 AG8B0NI8E :><?;5:A=K5 >B@0A;8 ?@020 :><?;5:A=K<8 >1I=>ABO<8, B0: :0: 2 =8E 2K@065= ?@>F5AA =5 48DD5@5=F80F88, 0, A:>@55, 8=B53@0F88 =>@< >A=>2=KE >B@0A;59, :>B>@K5 :0: 1K A@0I820NB =>@<K @07=KE >B@0A;59 2 548=>9 ?> A>45@60=8N 8 A>F80;L=>AB8 F5;O< AD5@5 45OB5;L=>AB8. >A:>;L:C >1J5:B82=K5 687=5==K5 ?>B@51=>AB8 ;N459 48:BCNB =5>1E>48<>ABL @0AH8@5=8O :><?;5:A=>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20, >?>A@54CNI53> @07;8G=K5 >1J5:BK ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O 8;8 AD5@K 45OB5;L=>AB8, B> 4;O C;CGH5=8O ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O 687=8 >1I5AB20, =54>?CI5=8O @0A?040 53> <5E0=87<0 =5>1E>48<> ?>4G8=5=85 =>@<, 2E>4OI8E 2 :><?;5:A=K5 >1@07>20=8O, =>@<0< A>>B25BAB2CNI8E >B@0A;59 ?@020. 0;L=59H55 @0728B85 >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89 B@51C5B ?>AB>O==>3> 2=8<0=8O A> AB>@>=K 3>AC40@AB20, :>B>@>5 @5038@C5B =0 =8E, 874020O ?@02>2K5 =>@<K, @53C;8@CNI85 @07=>AB>@>==85 >B=>H5=8O, =C640NI85AO 2 :064K9 :>=:@5B=K9 ?5@8>4 2 ?@02>2>9 @53;0<5=B0F88. 4=8 8 B5 65 >B=>H5=8O 2 @07=>5 2@5<O ?>-@07=><C >?>A@54CNBAO 3>AC40@AB2><.  ?@8<5@C, 4> =5402=53> 2@5<5=8 ?>4;560;8 C3>;>2=><C ?@5A;54>20=8N B0:85 45O=8O, :0: A?5:C;OF8O, A0<>3>=>20@5=85, =54>=>A8B5;LAB2> 8 4@.  B> 65 2@5<O =5 ?@87=020;8AL >1I5AB25==> >?0A=K<8 45O=8O, 2;5:CI85 70 A>1>9 =0:070=8O ?> AB. 273 # $ (A>740=85, 8A?>;L7>20=85 8 @0A?@>AB@0=5=85 2@54>=>A=KE ?@>3@0<< -), AB. 274 # $ (=0@CH5=85 ?@028; M:A?;C0B0F88 -, A8AB5<K - 8;8 8E A5B8) 8 4@. 7<5=5=8O >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89, 8AG57=>25=85 AB0@KE 8 70@>645=85 =>2KE 2;5:CB 70 A>1>9 8 A>>B25BAB2CNI85 87<5=5=8O 2 A8AB5<5 @>AA89A:>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 8 @>AA89A:>3> ?@020. >O2;ONBAO 8 =>2K5 =>@<K 70:>=>40B5;LAB20, =0?@8<5@ B0<>65==>5 ("0<>65==K9 :>45:A $ 2ABC?8; 2 A8;C A 1 O=20@O 1994 3.), A5<59=>5 (!5<59=K9 :>45:A $ 22545= 2 459AB285 A 1 <0@B0 1996 3.), ?@>8AE>48B D>@<8@>20=85 =0;>3>2>3> ?@020, 8AG57;> ?@02> :>;E>7=>5. .@848G5A:>9 =0C:5 5I5 ?@54AB>8B >A<KA;8BL 87<5=5=8O, ?@>8AE>4OI85 2 A>2@5<5==>9 @>AA89A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<5, 8 >?@545;8BL 2 =59 <5AB> :064>3> N@848G5A:>3> O2;5=8O. 1.2. A=>2=K5 >B@0A;8 A8AB5<K ?@020 !>2@5<5==0O A8AB5<0 @>AA89A:>3> ?@020 2:;NG05B 2 A51O 2 :0G5AB25 ?>4A8AB5< A;54CNI85 >B@0A;8 ?@020. 1. >=AB8BCF8>==>5 (3>AC40@AB25==>5) ?@02> - A>2>:C?=>ABL ?@02>2KE =>@<, 70:@5?;ONI8E >A=>2K >1I5AB25==>3> 8 3>AC40@AB25==>3> AB@>O, ?@02>2>5 ?>;>65=85 ;8G=>AB8, ?>@O4>: 8 45OB5;L=>ABL 2KAH8E >@30=>2 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 2 AB@0=5, =0F8>=0;L=>-3>AC40@AB25==>5 CAB@>9AB2> 8 B. ?.  :>=AB8BCF8>==>< ?@025 4><8=8@C5B 8<?5@0B82=K9 <5B>4 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, :>B>@K9 2 :0G5AB25 >A=>2=>3> N@848G5A:>3> A@54AB20 8A?>;L7C5B 2;0AB=>5 ?@54?8A0=85 AC1J5:BC ?@020 45;0BL B>, GB> CAB0=>2;5=> ?@02>2K<8 =>@<0<8, =5 4>?CA:0O :0:8E-;81> >BABC?;5=89. A=>2=K< 8AB>G=8:>< :>=AB8BCF8>==>3> ?@020 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 O2;O5BAO >=AB8BCF8O $ 1993 3. 2. 4<8=8AB@0B82=>5 ?@02> - A>2>:C?=>ABL ?@02>2KE =>@<, @53C;8@CNI8E C?@02;5=G5A:85 >B=>H5=8O, A:;04K20NI85AO 2 AD5@5 8A?>;=8B5;L=>9 2;0AB8 (2 45OB5;L=>AB8 >@30=>2 3>AC40@AB25==>3> C?@02;5=8O).  04<8=8AB@0B82=>< ?@025 ?@5>1;0405B <5B>4 ?@O<>3> @0A?>@O48B5;LAB20 (8;8 2;0AB=>3> ?@54?8A0=8O), ?@8 :>B>@>< >B=>H5=8O <564C AC1J5:B0<8 ?@020 AB@>OBAO =0 ?>4G8=5=88 >4=>3> CG0AB=8:0 ?@02>>B=>H5=8O 4@C3><C. 06=59H89 8AB>G=8: 04<8=8AB@0B82=>3> ?@020 - >45:A >1 04<8=8AB@0B82=KE ?@02>=0@CH5=8OE. 3. @0640=A:>5 ?@02> - >B@0A;L ?@020, @53C;8@CNI0O 8<CI5AB25==K5, 0 B0:65 =5:>B>@K5 ;8G=K5 =58<CI5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O. ;O 3@0640=A:>3> ?@020 E0@0:B5@5= <5B>4 N@848G5A:>3> @025=AB20 AB>@>=, =045;ONI89 CG0AB=8:>2 3@0640=A:8E ?@02>>B=>H5=89 @02=K<8 ?@020<8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : 4@C3 4@C3C. B=>H5=8O 2 AD5@5 3@0640=A:>3> ?@020 @53C;8@CNBAO G0ABO<8 ?5@2>9 8 2B>@>9 @0640=A:>3> :>45:A0 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88, @0640=A:8< :>45:A>< !$!  (@0745;K IV-VIII), 8;8I=K< :>45:A>< >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88, D545@0;L=K< 3@0640=A:8< 70:>=>40B5;LAB2><. & & .. A5 C:070==K5 2KH5 >B@0A;8 >B=>AOBAO : >B@0A;O< <0B5@80;L=>3> ?@020, B0: :0: A>45@60B ?@02>2K5 =>@<K, =5?>A@54AB25==> @53C;8@CNI85 ?>2545=85 AC1J5:B>2 ?@020. B@0A;O<8 ?@>F5AAC0;L=>3> ?@020, A>45@60I8<8 ?@028;0 ?@8<5=5=8O 3>AC40@AB25==K<8 >@30=0<8, 4>;6=>AB=K<8 ;8F0<8 =>@< <0B5@80;L=>3> ?@020, O2;ONBAO: 1) 3@0640=A:>-?@>F5AAC0;L=>5 ?@02> - A>2>:C?=>ABL =>@< ?@020, @53C;8@CNI8E 45OB5;L=>ABL AC4>2 2 A2O78 A @0AA<>B@5=85< 2 =8E A?>@>2, 2>7=8:0NI8E 2 AD5@5 3@0640=A:8E, A5<59=KE, B@C4>2KE, D8=0=A>2KE >B=>H5=89, 0 B0:65 45OB5;L=>ABL 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2 8 =>B0@80B0. @0640=A:>-?@>F5AAC0;L=>5 ?@02> @53C;8@C5B >1I5AB25==K5 >B=>H5=8O 48A?>78B82=>-@07@5H8B5;L=K< <5B>4><. -B> >7=0G05B, GB> 8=8F80B820 2>7=8:=>25=8O 3@0640=A:8E 45; ?@8=04;568B 708=B5@5A>20==K< ;8F0<, 0 =5 AC4C, => 2 B5G5=85 ?@>F5AA0 MB8 ;8F0 <>3CB A>25@H0BL B>;L:> B0:85 459AB28O, :>B>@K5 @07@5H5=K =>@<0<8 ?@>F5AAC0;L=>3> ?@020. B=>H5=8O 2 AD5@5 3@0640=A:>3> AC4>?@>872>4AB20 @53C;8@CNBAO @0640=A:>-?@>F5AAC0;L=K< 8 @18B@06=K< :>45:A0<8; 2) C3>;>2=>-?@>F5AAC0;J=>5 ?@02> - A>2>:C?=>ABL N@848G5A:8E =>@<, @53C;8@CNI8E 45OB5;L=>ABL ?@02>>E@0=8B5;L=KE >@30=>2 8 AC4>2 ?> @0AA;54>20=8N 8 @0AA<>B@5=8N C3>;>2=KE 45;.  C3>;>2=>-?@>F5AAC0;L=>< ?@025 8A?>;L7C5BAO 8<?5@0B82=K9 <5B>4 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O. A=>2=K< 8AB>G=8:>< ?@020 40==>9 >B@0A;8 O2;O5BAO #3>;>2=>-?@>F5AAC0;L=K9 :>45:A. & & ;020 2. >2K5 B5=45=F88 @0728B8O @>AA89A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@020 2.1. !>>B=>H5=85 8 B5=45=F88 @0728B8O A8AB5<K ?@020 8 A8AB5<K 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 =0=85 > A8AB5<5 ?@020 =5 <>65B 1KBL >3@0=8G5=> 8AA;54>20=85< 55 ?>=OB8O. !;>6=>ABL 8 <=>3>3@0==>ABL MB>3> O2;5=8O 70AB02;O5B =0A 8A:0BL =5 B>;L:> >1J5:B82=K5 >A=>2K 40==>3> ?@02>2>3> 548=AB20, => 8 CAB0=02;820BL <5E0=87<K 2708<>459AB28O 2E>4OI8E 2 ?@02>2CN A8AB5<C O2;5=89, >?@545;OBL AB@C:BC@C, 35=5B8G5A:85, DC=:F8>=0;L=K5 A2O78, A>AB02;OBL ?@>3=>7K 8E @0728B8O.  N@848G5A:>9 =0C:5 ?@>1;5<0 A>>B=>H5=8O A8AB5<K ?@020 8 A8AB5<K 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 >1AC6405BAO 402=>. 5 @07@5H5=85 >:065B 1;03>?@8OB=>5 2>7459AB285 =0 45OB5;L=>ABL 70:>=>40B5;O, =0CG=K5 @07@01>B:8, 0 B0:65 =0 >@30=870F8N CG51=>3> ?@>F5AA0 ?@8 ?>43>B>2:5 N@8AB>2. > 40==><C 2>?@>AC C65 A;>68;8AL =5:>B>@K5 >B=>A8B5;L=> CAB>9G82K5 ?@54AB02;5=8O.  G0AB=>AB8, ?@87=05BAO >1J5:B82=K9 E0@0:B5@ MB8E A8AB5<, =0;8G85 C =8E AE>4AB20 8 @07;8G89, CAB0=02;8205BAO >?@545;ONI0O @>;L A8AB5<K ?@020 4;O A8AB5<K 70:>=>40B5;LAB20.  ;8B5@0BC@5 40NBAO @07=K5 >?@545;5=8O A8AB5<K ?@020. G5=L G0AB> ?>4 =59 ?>=8<05BAO >1CA;>2;5==>5 A>F80;L=>-M:>=><8G5A:8< 8 ?>;8B8G5A:8< AB@>5< >1I5AB20 F5;>AB=>5 548=AB2> ?@02>2KE =>@<, @0A?@545;5==KE ?> 8=AB8BCB0< 8 >B@0A;O< ?@020, 2 A>>B25BAB288 A ?@54<5B>< 8 <5B>4>< ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O. 5:>B>@K5 >?@545;ONB A8AB5<C ?@020 :0: C?>@O4>G5==>5 ?> 548=AB2C ?@54<5B0 8 <5B>40 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O >?@545;5==>5 <=>65AB2> ?@02>2KE D>@<, D>@<8@C5<>5 4;O 2A5AB>@>==53> @53C;8@>20=8O >1I5AB25==KE >B=>H5=89. !CI5AB2C5B B>G:0 7@5=8O =0 A8AB5<C ?@020 :0: =0 53> 2=CB@5==NN AB@C:BC@C, 2K@060NICN @0A?>;>65=85 ?@02>2KE 8=AB8BCB>2 ?> A2O70==K< <564C A>1>9 ?>4@0745;5=8O<  >B@0A;O< ?@020, ;81> :0: =0 AB@>5=85 ?@020, ;81> :0: =0 8=AB8BCF8>=0;L=CN AB@C:BC@C ?@020, >B@060NICN 2=CB@5==NN A>3;0A>20==>ABL >B@0A;59 ?@020. @><5 MB>3>, 2 D8;>A>DA:>9 =0C:5 2K45;ONBAO B0:85 =0?@02;5=8O =0CG=>3> 8AA;54>20=8O, :0: M;5<5=B0@87< 8 :>=F5?F8O F5;>AB=>AB8. 5@2>5 A2O70=> A @0AA<>B@5=85< ?>=OB8O A8AB5<K G5@57 ?>=OB85 M;5<5=B 8 8AE>48B 87 2KO2;5=8O M;5<5=B=>3> A>AB020 8AA;54C5<>3> O2;5=8O, =0 >?@545;5=85 A2>9AB2 M;5<5=B>2, 2E>4OI8E 2 A8AB5<C. 3> ?@845@6820NBAO B0:85 D8;>A>DK, :0: .. 54@>2, -.!. 0@:0@O=, . D>= 5@B0;0=D8, .!. "NEB8= 8 4@. ! B>G:8 7@5=8O :>=F5?F88 F5;>AB=>AB8, >?@545;5=85 A8AB5<K ?@020 2AB@5G05BAO 2 @01>B0E .. 5@8<>20. =0 E0@0:B5@87C5BAO, :0: F5;>AB=>5 >1@07>20=85, 2 :>B>@>9 >1J548=5=85 =>@< ?@020, 53> 8=AB8BCB>2 8 >B@0A;59 8<55B =5>1E>48<K9 E0@0:B5@. & & ..  >1I8< B5=45=F8O< >B=>AOBAO A;54CNI85: 1. >AB5?5==>5 87<5=5=85 A>>B=>H5=8O  G5;>25: 8 ?@02>. 5GL 845B > A>740=88 B0:>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K, 345 1K 2 F5=B@5 2=8<0=8O 2A5340 1K;8 G5;>25:, 53> ?@020 8 A2>1>4K. !N40 65 >B=>A8BAO 87<5=5=85 <5B>4>2 ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O: ?5@5E>4 >B 8<?5@0B82=KE : 48A?>78B82=K< <5B>40<, ?@5>1;040=85 >1I54>72>;8B5;L=>3> B8?0 @53C;8@>20=8O 2 >B=>H5=8OE <564C ;N4L<8. 2. 5F5=B@0;870F8O ?@02>2>3> @53C;8@>20=8O. >=AB8BCF8O $ 8 $545@0B82=K9 4>3>2>@ A>740;8 107C 4;O 70:>=>40B5;L=>3> AB8<C;8@>20=8O @0728B8O AC1J5:B>2 $545@0F88, >@30=>2 <5AB=>3> A0<>C?@02;5=8O. =0G8B5;L 02 0 P T V X x z ~ Z \ p x z ӿⲪۇzpzpjhgH5U hgH5hhgH5 hz5$jhjF(hzB*UphhVWhzB*phhzB*phjhzB*UphhjF(hz0Jj hzUjhzU h@ hzhzhzhzCJPJaJhzhzCJPJaJ* 2 Z \ r t v x @ 2   $ hdh^hgdgH  $ dhgdgH $dha$gdgH$a$gdzFfd$Ifgdz   4 6 8 : < > @ B D | ~ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 n p ߼߱w߱f jhgHUmHnHu2jhKhgH>*B*UmHnHphu jhgHUmHnHujhgHUmHnHuhgHmHnHu2jhKhgH>*B*UmHnHphuhgHmHnHuhKhgH0JmHnHu$jhKhgH0JUmHnHu$p r t    > @ B D  źӑőwźfӑő j hgHUmHnHu2jhKhgH>*B*UmHnHphuhgHmHnHu jhgHUmHnHujhgHUmHnHuhgHmHnHuhKhgH0JmHnHu$jhKhgH0JUmHnHu2jhKhgH>*B*UmHnHphu  r:>T. #r$$$%b&0'h($ & Fdh^`a$gdgH$dh`a$gdgH $dha$gdgH $dha$gdgH  $ dhgdgH $ hdh^hgdgH   *,źӑőwźfӑő j hgHUmHnHu2jy hKhgH>*B*UmHnHphuhgHmHnHu j hgHUmHnHujhgHUmHnHuhgHmHnHuhKhgH0JmHnHu$jhKhgH0JUmHnHu2j hKhgH>*B*UmHnHphu ,.0,.0dfhlnprtvźӑőwźfӑő j hgHUmHnHu2jm hKhgH>*B*UmHnHphuhgHmHnHu j hgHUmHnHujhgHUmHnHuhgHmHnHuhKhgH0JmHnHu$jhKhgH0JUmHnHu2js hKhgH>*B*UmHnHphu ,.0468:<>@TV24DFfhtvz|źӑ{r{k{e{e{e{e{e{e{e{e{e{e{ hgHNH h,hgHh3ohgHCJ hgHhhgH5jhgH5UhgHmHnHu j hgHUmHnHujhgHUmHnHuhgHmHnHuhKhgH0JmHnHu$jhKhgH0JUmHnHu2jg hKhgH>*B*UmHnHphu'* , !!""Z#\# $$$$$&$n$h%j%&&>(@(f(h(j(($))++--n.p...//00:2<2B2D222X3Z3t4v455.60666b8d888z9|9: :(:*:2;4;L<N<|=~=>>??Ah8jhgH0JU hjhgHh hgHCJ hgHCJ h,hgHhgH hgHNHPh(($))b-5":*:= @BINJJ`KVP*THXRXYZ,`bb$dh`a$gd]c$dh`a$gdgH $dha$gdgHAAAACCDDHEJE^F`FFFrGtGHHIIZK\KnLpLLLNNNN0O2OPPVQXQQQrRtRRSTTUUfWhWHXPXRXXX^Y`YZZ8[:[[[]]____4a6aBbDbbZcccc h9<NHh9<hjChh9<CJ jh]c0JU h]cNHh]cjhgH0JUhgH hgHNHKbZccfjttv~vvy֛r lĦ0$dh`a$gd9<$dh7$8$H$`a$gd9< $dha$gd9< $$$dha$gd9<cee f"fffiiiiiij jjjkkmmmmnnnnnnn8p:ppp@qBqDqVqXqqqrrnvpvtv~vvvtxvxyyzzzz2{4{,.xz24 Uh9<hFsh9<CJaJjhFsh9<0JUhjChh9<NHaJhjChh9<aJM=>5 @0728B85 ?>;CG0NB B0:85 A@54AB20 45F5=B@0;87>20==>3> @53C;8@>20=8O, :0: 4>3>2>@K, AC1A8480@=>5 ?@8<5=5=85, 0=0;>38O 70:>=0 8 ?@020. 3. =B53@0F8O 2 @>AA89A:>5 70:>=>40B5;LAB2> 2 >?@545;5==KE A;CG0OE >1I5?@87=0==KE ?@8=F8?>2 8 =>@< <564C=0@>4=>3> ?@020 8 <564C=0@>4=KE 4>3>2>@>2 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 (AB. 15 >=AB8BCF88 $). >6=> 3>2>@8BL B0:65 >1 8=B53@0F8>==>9 B5=45=F88 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 AB@0=  CG0AB=8F ! 2 M:>=><8G5A:><, 8=D>@<0F8>==>< ?@>AB@0=AB25, AD5@5 1>@L1K A ?@5ABC?=>ABLN.  G8A;5 B5=45=F89 @0728B8O AB@C:BC@K (A8AB5<K) ?@020 <>6=> =0720BL A;54CNI85. 1. @>F5AA ?>AB5?5==>3> =0:>?;5=8O =>@<0B82=>3> <0B5@80;0 8 @0A?@545;5=85 53> ?> AB@C:BC@=K< 1;>:0<  8=AB8BCB0<, >B@0A;O<, ?>4>B@0A;O<. A5 1>;55 70<5B=0 B5=45=F8O : >?@545;5==>9 C=8D8:0F88 ?>4>1=KE 1;>:>2 :0: @02=>7=0G=KE ?> >1J5<C, AB@C:BC@5 8 4@C38< E0@0:B5@8AB8:0<, GB> ?>72>;O5B @0AH8@OBL ?;>A:>AB8 8E 2708<>459AB28O, ?>2KH0BL MDD5:B82=>ABL @53C;8@>20=8O. 0==K9 ?@>F5AA 2:;NG05B 2 A51O >1@07>20=85 =>2KE 8=AB8BCB>2 8 >B@0A;59 (8=D>@<0F8>==>5 ?@02>, <548F8=A:>5 ?@02>, =0;>3>2>5 ?@02>), 0 B0:65 2KG;5=5=85 8E 87 C65 ACI5AB2CNI8E AB@C:BC@=KE ?>4@0745;5=89 (8718@0B5;L=>5 ?@02>). & .. 2.2. >20O ?@02>20O A8AB5<0 @5D>@<8@C5<>9 >AA88 ! 1991 3. 2 >AA88 ?@>2>48BAO ?>;8B8:0 B.=. ;815@0;L=KE @5D>@<, 8<5NI8E F5;LN 2>72@0I5=85 AB@0=K 2 @CA;> <8@>2>9 F828;870F88, B.5. CAB0=>2;5=85 B0:>3> A>F80;L=>3> 8 ?>;8B8G5A:>3> AB@>O, :>B>@K9 >A=>20= =0 ?@8=F8?0E ?>4;8==>9 M:>=><8G5A:>9, ?>;8B8G5A:>9 8 ;8G=>9 A2>1>4K. ! B>G:8 7@5=8O <0@:A8AB>2 MB>B ?@>F5AA =>A8B =0720=85 @5AB02@0F8O :0?8B0;87<0, ?@>B82 G53>, 2 >1I5<, 8 =5 2>7@060NB 0@E8B5:B>@K @5D>@<. 0 MB> 2@5<O 2 @>AA89A:>9 ?@02>2>9 =0C:5 3>A?>4AB2CNI85 ?>78F88 70=O;8 8458 25@E>25=AB20 ?@020, >1I5G5;>25G5A:8E F5==>AB59, 5AB5AB25==>9 ?@8@>4K >A=>2=KE ;8G=KE ?@02 G5;>25:0, =5@07@K2=>9 A2O78 <564C 8=AB8BCB>< G0AB=>9 A>1AB25==>AB8 8 45<>:@0B859, 45845>;>3870F88 ?@020. $C=40<5=B0;L=>9 7040G59 ?@02>2>9 @5D>@<K 1K;> ?@>2>73;0H5=> A>740=85 2 >AA88 ?@02>2>3> 3>AC40@AB20, 2 :>B>@>< ?@02> O2;O;>AL 1K =5 >@C485< 2 @C:0E 3>AC40@AB20 :0: 2 !!! , 0 A0<>F5==>ABLN, A2O7K20NI59 3>AC40@AB25==CN 2;0ABL.  >1I8E G5@B0E :>=BC@K =>2>3> ?@02>2>3> 740=8O >AA88 2K3;O4OB A;54CNI8< >1@07><: 2 >1;0AB8 3>AC40@AB25==>3> ?@020 - A>740=85 45<>:@0B8G5A:>3> D545@0B82=>3> 3>AC40@AB20, >A=>20==>3> =0 ?@8=F8?0E 70?04=>3> :>=AB8BCF8>=0;87<0: @0745;5=8O 2;0AB59, ?>;8B8G5A:>3> 8 845>;>38G5A:>3> ?;N@0;87<0, ?@8>@8B5B0 ?@02 ;8G=>AB8; 2 >1;0AB8 3@0640=A:>3> 8 4@C38E >B@0A;59 G0AB=>3> ?@020 - 2>AAB0=>2;5=85 A2>1>4K 3@0640=A:>3> >1>@>B0, ?@5645 2A53>, A2>1>4K ?@54?@8=8<0B5;LAB20 8 @025=AB20 2A5E D>@< A>1AB25==>AB8, ?@8=OB85 =>2>3> 3@0640=A:>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20, A>G5B0NI53> B@048F88 @CAA:>9 F828;8AB8:8 A >?KB>< A>2@5<5==>9 :>=B8=5=B0;L=>9 F828;8AB8:8; 2 >1;0AB8 C3>;>2=>3> ?@020 - 3C<0=870F8O C3>;>2=>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 2 A>>B25BAB288 A <564C=0@>4=K<8 AB0=40@B0<8; 2 >1;0AB8 C3>;>2=>3> ?@>F5AA0 - ?5@5E>4 >B :0@0B5;L=>3> 8=:2878F8>==>3> ?@>F5AA0 : ?>4;8==> A>ABO70B5;L=><C, >A=>20==><C =0 C2065=88 8 =0456=>9 >E@0=5 ?@02 ;8G=>AB8 >B 3>AC40@AB25==>3> ?@>872>;0; 2 >1;0AB8 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K - ?@52@0I5=85 AC40 87 60;:>3> ?@840B:0 :0@0B5;L=>9 A8AB5<K 2 A0<>AB>OB5;L=CN, =57028A8<CN 8 <>3CI5AB25==CN B@5BLN 2;0ABL, 2>AAB0=>2;5=85 4>@52>;NF8>==KE 8 22545=85 =>2KE 45<>:@0B8G5A:8E AC451=KE 8=AB8BCB>2 (AC4 ?@8AO6=KE, <8@>20O NAB8F8O, :>=AB8BCF8>==>5 ?@02>AC485 8 B.4.). -B8 8458 =0H;8 >B@065=85 2 459AB2CNI59 >=AB8BCF88 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 1993 3. 8 ;53;8 2 >A=>2C =>2>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 >AA88. 081>;55 4@0<0B8G=> @072820;0AL ?@02>20O @5D>@<0 2 >1;0AB8 3>AC40@AB25==>3> CAB@>9AB20. >A;5 M:A?5@8<5=B0 A A>2<5I5=85< ?@57845=BA:>9 2;0AB8 8 A>25BA:>3> ?0@;0<5=B0@87<0 2 1991-1993 33., ?@8254H53> AB@0=C : 3;C1>:><C :>=AB8BCF8>==>-?>;8B8G5A:><C :@878AC, >AA8O ?>;CG8;0 AC?5@?@57845=BA:CN @5A?C1;8:C A> A;01K< ?0@;0<5=B><. >?8@CO 2=5H=5 <=>385 D>@<K 70?04=>9 :>=AB8BCF8>==>9 45<>:@0B88, MB0 A8AB5<0 ;538B8<8@>20;0 A8;L=CN 548=>;8G=CN 2;0ABL 2 3>AC40@AB25. 0 :0:>5-B> 2@5<O =>20O 2;0ABL AB018;878@>20;0AL, >4=0:> 459AB2CNI89 A=>2=>9 70:>= =5A5B =0 A515 =5873;048<CN ?5G0BL 02B>@8B0@87<0 8 =0A8;8O =04 G0ABLN >1I5AB20. >MB><C 2>?@>A > :>=AB8BCF8>==>9 @5D>@<5 2=>2L AB>8B 2 ?>25AB:5 4=O. !>2@5<5==0O @>AA89A:0O ?@02>20O A8AB5<0 ?@>4>;605B B@048F88 @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A5<L8, 70;>65==K5 5I5 2 4>@52>;NF8>==K9 ?5@8>4 8 A>E@0=5==K5 >BG0AB8 8 2 A>25BA:89 ?5@8>4. A=>2=K< 8AB>G=8:>< ?@020 O2;O5BAO 70:>=, 2A?><>30B5;L=K< - ?>470:>==K5 =>@<0B82=K5 0:BK (C:07K ?@57845=B0, ?>AB0=>2;5=8O ?@028B5;LAB20 8 4@.). 5;838>7=K5 ?@54?8A0=8O 8 >1KG=K5 =>@<K =5 O2;ONBAO 8AB>G=8:>< ?@020, :0: 8 AC451=K9 ?@5F545=B, E>BO 70 AC451=>9 ?@0:B8:>9 ?@87=05BAO (:0: 2> 2A5E AB@0=0E @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 A5<L8) >?@545;5==>5 7=0G5=85 2 @0728B88 ?@020. 0: 8 25745 2 @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 A5<L5, >A=>2=K5 >B@0A;8 ?@020 :>48D8F8@>20=K, 0 =>@<K ?@020 =>AOB 01AB@0:B=K9 (=5:07C8AB8G5A:89) E0@0:B5@. & & . 7 4@C3>9 A5<L8 ?@020 - A:0=48=02A:>9 - =0H0 ?@02>20O A8AB5<0, :0: 8 ?@02>2K5 A8AB5<K 1>;LH8=AB20 45<>:@0B8G5A:8E AB@0= <8@0 708<AB2>20;0 =AB8BCB ><1C4A<5=0 - C?>;=><>G5==>3> ?> ?@020< G5;>25:0. >:0 GB> >?KB @01>BK MB>3> 8=AB8BCB0 2 >AA88 A:>@55 =5C40G=K9: ?5@2K9 >1;040B5;L MB>9 4>;6=>AB8 8A?>;L7>20; 55 A><=8B5;L=K< >1@07><, 2B>@>9 ?>:0 A51O =8:0: =5 ?@>O28;. > 8 2@5<5=8 4;O >1:0B:8 1K;> =5 B0: C6 8 <=>3>, B0: GB> >AB05BAO =045OBLAO...  C3>;>2=>< ?@>F5AA5, @5D>@<0 :>B>@>3> AB@0H=> 70?074K205B, =0<5B8;AO ?>2>@>B 2 AB>@>=C CA8;5=8O ?@>F5AAC0;L=KE ?@02 ;8G=>AB8, =0G0; A>ABO70B5;L=>AB8. AB>@8G5A:8< A>1KB85 4;O @>AA89A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K AB0;> 22545=85 2 1992 3. 8=AB8BCB0 AC451=>3> >160;>20=8O 0@5AB0 8 2>AA>740=8O AC40 ?@8AO6=KE. 5D>@<0 C3>;>2=>3> ?@>F5AA0 AB0;:8205BAO, >4=0:>, A B@C4=>?@5>4>;8<K<8 ?@5?OBAB28O<8 2 2845 8=5@F88 AB0@>9 ?@02>>E@0=8B5;L=>9 A8AB5<K 8 =5E20B:>9 45=56=KE A@54AB2. 7-70 MB>3> 2A5 H038 =>AOB, :0: ?@028;>, ?>;>28=G0BK9 E0@0:B5@. #3>;>2=>5 ?@02> >AA88 (@5D>@<0 :>B>@>3> 7025@H0;0AL ?@8=OB85< 2 1996 3. =>2>3> # $) B0:65 ?@5B5@?5;> ?>78B82=K5 87<5=5=8O, F5;8:>< 25@=C2H8AL 2 @CA;> :;0AA8G5A:>9 H:>;K. => 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 AB5?5=8 ?5@50:F5=B8@>20=> A >E@0=K 8=B5@5A>2 3>AC40@AB20 =0 >E@0=C 8=B5@5A>2 ;8G=>AB8. =>385 A>AB02K ?@5ABC?;5=89 45:@8<8=0;878@>20=K (2?@>G5<, =5 2A5340 >1>A=>20=>), ?>O28;8AL =>2K5 A>AB02K, A>>B25BAB2CNI85 @50;8O< @K=>G=>9 M:>=><8:8. @545;L=> >3@0=8G5=> G8A;> A>AB02>2, =0:07C5<KE A<5@B=>9 :07=L, <=>3>:@0B=> @0AH8@5=> 8A?>;L7>20=85 HB@0D0 2 2845 0;LB5@=0B82=>3> 2840 =0:070=8O, 2 B.G. 70 25AL<0 A5@L57=K5 ?@5ABC?;5=8O (:@8B8:8 3>2>@OB, GB> 1>30BK5 B5?5@L A<>3CB >B:C?8BLAO >B BN@L<K). !>2@5<5==>5 @>AA89A:>5 ?@02> ?@>4>;605B A>25BA:CN B@048F8N ?@8>@8B5B=>3> @0728B8O A>F80;L=>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20, GB> 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 <5@5 AB8<C;8@C5BAO B0:65 =5>1E>48<>ABLN 4;O ?0@;0<5=B0@852 C3>48BL A2>8< 8718@0B5;O<, B.5. 4;O ?>;8B8G5A:>9 @5:;0<K.  A>60;5=8N, 2 CA;>28OE ?@>4>;60NI53>AO M:>=><8G5A:>3> A?040 8 E@>=8G5A:>3> 15745=56LO 3>AC40@AB20, =>2K5 A>F80;L=K5 70:>=K G0AB> AB0=>2OBAO <5@B2K< ?@02><, =0 8E @50;870F8N ?>?@>ABC =5B A@54AB2. & & .. ! >A>15==>ABO<8 D545@0B82=>3> CAB@>9AB20 >AA88 A2O70=> 8 =0;8G85 2 55 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<5 B0:>3> A?5F8D8G5A:>3> 8AB>G=8:0, :0: 4>3>2>@K <564C D545@0;L=K<8 >@30=0<8 2;0AB8 8 >@30=0<8 2;0AB8 AC1J5:B>2 $. 06=K< A;54AB285< ?@02>2>9 @5D>@<K 2 >AA88 AB0;> 87<5=5=85 8<8460 N@848G5A:>9 ?@>D5AA88, :>B>@0O =K=5 AG8B05BAO >4=>9 87 A0<KE ?@5AB86=KE. A;8 2 A>25BA:>5 2@5<O N@8AB - MB>, ?@5645 2A53>, A;C30 3>AC40@AB20 - A;54>20B5;L, AC4LO, ?@>:C@>@, 3>@074> @565 - 042>:0B, B> A53>4=O <>;>4K5 N@8ABK ?@54?>G8B0NB A?5F80;878@>20BLAO 2 3@0640=A:>< ?@025 8 84B8 2 AD5@C >1A;C6820=8O 187=5A0. 530B82=>9 AB>@>=>9 MB>3> O2;5=8O O2;O5BAO AB@0H=K9 :04@>2K9 3>;>4 2 ?@02>>E@0=8B5;L=KE >@30=0E, >BACBAB285 ?@8B>:0 2 =8E ;N459 A =>2K< ?@02>2K< <KH;5=85<, GB> A0<K< >B@8F0B5;L=K< >1@07>< 2;8O5B =0 @0728B85 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K 2 F5;><. 0:;NG5=85 >42>4O 8B>3 @01>BK <>6=> A45;0BL A;54CNI85 2K2>4K: 1. !>2@5<5==0O @>AA89A:0O ?@02>20O A8AB5<0 2A5 5I5 =0E>48BAO 2 AB0488 AB0=>2;5=8O 8 <=>3>5 2 ?CBOE 55 40;L=59H53> @0728B8O =0E>48BAO ?>4 2>?@>A><, CG8BK20O 8725AB=K9 :@878A ;815@0;L=KE @5D>@< 2 >AA88. 5@>OB=>, GB> 2 1;8609H85 3>4K 2 AB@0=5 1C45B =0@0AB0BL AB@5<;5=85 >1I5AB20 25@=CBLAO : =5:>B>@K< B@048F8>==K< F5==>ABO<, 2 B>< G8A;5 2 >1;0AB8 3>AC40@AB25==>3> CAB@>9AB20 8 ?@020, :>B>@K5 1C4CB 40;5:> =5 2A5340 A>>B25BAB2>20BL 70?04=>-;815@0;L=K< :0=>=0<.  B> 65 2@5<O ?>;=K9 2>72@0B : A>F80;8AB8G5A:><C ?@02C ?@54AB02;O5BAO A>25@H5==> =525@>OB=K<. ">, :0:8< 1C45B =587156=K9 8AB>@8G5A:89 :><?@><8AA <564C AB0@K< 8 =>2K<, >?@545;8B 2> <=>3>< <5AB> >AA88 2 @O4C 4@C38E ?@02>2KE A8AB5<. 4=0:> 2 ;N1>< A;CG05, >G5284=>, GB> @>AA89A:0O ?@02>20O A8AB5<0 A>E@0=8B B5A=CN :@>2=CN A2O7L A @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A5<L59, 4CE 8 8=AB8BCBK :>B>@>9 ?@>=87K20NB =0H5 ?@02>. 0F8>=0;L=0O @CAA:0O, 2>AB>G=>A;02O=A:0O ?@02>20O <5=B0;L=>ABL =5 AB>;L DC=40<5=B0;L=> >B;8G05BAO >B F5=B@0;L=>-52@>?59A:>9, GB>1K <>6=> 1K;> AG8B0BL @><0=>-35@<0=A:>5 ?@02> 4;O >AA88 G5<-B> 2=5H=8<, 15A?>G25==K<, :0: MB> 45;05BAO :><?0@0B828AB0<8 2 >B=>H5=88 /?>=88 8 8B0O. C;LBC@=>-8AB>@8G5A:85 >A>15==>AB8 2>AB>G=>A;02O=A:>9 8;8 52@0789A:>9 F828;870F88 >?@545;ONB >A>1>5 <5AB> >AA88 8 4@C38E ?>ABA>25BA:8E AB@0= 2 @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A5<L5, => =5 2=5 55,  :>=F5 :>=F>2, >A>10O <5=B0;L=>ABL 8=459A:>3> 2 A2>59 >A=>25 =0A5;5=8O >;8288 8 0@0320O =5 <5H05B :><?0@0B828AB0< 2:;NG0BL MB8 AB@0=K 2 ;0B8=>0<5@8:0=A:CN 3@C??C @><0=>-35@<0=A:>9 A5<L8. 2. 0 A53>4=O A0<>9 1>;LH>9 ?@>1;5<>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<>9 >AA88 ?@>4>;605B >AB020BLAO 2>?8NI55 ?@>B82>@5G85 <564C 2 F5;>< 45<>:@0B8G5A:>9 8 A>2@5<5==>9 =>@<0B82=>9 8 8=AB8BCF8>=0;L=>9 D>@<>9 8 @50;L=>9 ?@0:B8:>9 ?@02>2KE >B=>H5=89. 1I5?@87=0==K< D0:B>< O2;O5BAO B>, GB> 2 ?>402;ONI5< 1>;LH8=AB25 AD5@ >1I5AB25==>9 687=8 C =0A 459AB2CNB =5 70:>=K 3>AC40@AB20, 0 =5:>5 B5=52>5, =5?8A0=>5 ?@02>, ?@8<5=5=85< :>B>@>3> 70=8<05BAO F5;0O A8AB5<0 :@8<8=0;L=>9 NAB8F88, 0 =5@54:> 8 A0<8 3>AC40@AB25==K5 >@30=K. "0:>5 ?>;>65=85 >1JOA=O5BAO, ?@5645 2A53>, >1I8< 3;C1>:8< :@878A>< >AA89A:>3> 3>AC40@AB20. 5D8F8B 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2>;8 ?@82>48B : >B:@KB><C 8 ?>2A54=52=><C =5?>4G8=5=8N >D8F80;L=><C ?@02>?>@O4:C: @538>=0;L=K5 2;0AB8 83=>@8@CNB C:070=8O D545@0;L=>3> F5=B@0, =0 C;8F0E 15A?@5?OBAB25==> B>@3CNB :>=B@0D0:B=>9 ?@>4C:F859, ?>@=>3@0D859, 3075BK 157=0:070==> ?C1;8:CNB @5:;0<C ?@8B>=>2 @072@0B0, C ;N1>3> >1<5==>3> ?C=:B0 A CB@0 4> 25G5@0 B>;:CBAO <>H5==8:8 - ;><I8:8, 3@><:> 707K20O ?>B5=F80;L=KE 65@B2. >@@C?F8O 2> 2A5E MH5;>=0E @>AA89A:>9 2;0AB8 AB0;0 C65 D5=><5=>< <564C=0@>4=>3> <0AHB010. 53@040F8O 2A59 A8AB5<K @>AA89A:>3> ?@02>?>@O4:0 70 3>4K 45<>:@0B8G5A:8E @5D>@< 4>AB83;0 B0:>9 AB5?5=8, GB> B5@<8= :@8<8=0;L=0O @52>;NF8O C65 =5 :065BAO =8:><C ?@>AB> ?C1;8F8AB8G5A:>9 <5B0D>@>9. KE>4 87 MB>3> 2=CB@5==53> :@878A0 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K 5I5 ?@54AB>8B =09B8 =>2><C ?>:>;5=8N @>AA89A:8E N@8AB>2 8 3>AC40@AB25==KE 45OB5;59. !?8A>: 8A?>;L7>20==>9 ;8B5@0BC@K 14C;052 .. "5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020. #G51=8:. ., 2004. 5@<0= . . 0?04=0O B@048F8O ?@020  M?>E0 D>@<8@>20=8O  ., 1994. >9:>2 .. "@5BLO 2;0ABL 2 >AA88. =830 2B>@0O-?@>4>;65=85 @5D>@<. .: 740B5;LAB2> .@;8B8=D>@<, 2002. 03=5@ .  :>=F5?F88 A>F80;8AB8G5A:>3> ?@02>2>3> 3>AC40@AB20. - // @02>2545=85. - 1990. - ! 1. - !. 12  16 >?@>AK ?@02>2545=8O: !1>@=8: =0CG=KE B@C4>2 N@848G5A:>3> D0:C;LB5B0. K?. 3 / >4 >1I. @54. .. '5@=KH>20; "0<1. 3>A. B5E=. C=-B.  "0<1>2, 2004.  92 A >;;0=4A:0O ?@02>20O :C;LBC@0 / B2. @54. .. >9F>20 8 ,. >9F>20. .: 74-2> 530B, 1998. !. 59. >AC40@AB25==0O C<0. 1906 1917. !B5=>3@0D8G5A:85 >BG5BK. ". 1 (!5@8O 0@;0<5=B0@87< 2 >AA88)  .: $>=4 @02>20O :C;LBC@0. 1995. @0640=A:89 :>45:A >AA88: ?@>1;5<K, B5>@8O, ?@0:B8:0. ., 1998. !. 34. 0284 . A=>2=K5 ?@02>2K5 A8AB5<K A>2@5<5==>AB8  .: 564C=0@>4=K5 >B=>H5=8O, 1992. A0:>2 . )  $  !?  ., 1999. 8@8<>20, . . !8AB5<0 A>2@5<5==>3> @>AA89A:>3> ?@020:>=OB85 8 ?@>1;5<K @0728B8O /. . 8@8<>20. //@02>2545=85. -1997. - ! 4. - !. 166 - 168 >=F5?F8O AC451=>9 @5D>@<K 2 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88./ !>AB. !.. 0H8=. .: 5A?C1;8:0, 1992. 0;LF52 .. @02>20O A8AB5<0 AC1J5:B0 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88//0B5@80;K =0CG=>-?@0:B8G5A:>9 :>=D5@5=F88  >AC40@AB25==>ABL 8 ?@02> @5A?C1;8:8 2 A>AB025 >AA89A:>9 $545@0F88 . 10-11 0?@5;O 1996 3. 0;LG8:- >AB>2-=/. 1996. 5@A5AO=F .!. $8;>A>D8O ?@020. ., 1997. 1I0O B5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020. :045<8G5A:89 :C@A.  2 B. ". 1 / B2. @54. .. 0@G5=:>. ., 1998. !. 87 A=>2K ?@020: #G51=8: / >4 @54. ?@>D. .. 14C;0520. !1., 2004. @02> 2 AB@0=0E A>F80;8AB8G5A:>9 >@85=B0F88  .: 0C:0, 1979 3. @02>2545=85: #G51=8: 4;O 2C7>2 / >4 @540:F859 .. 14C;0520 - .: $8=0=A>2K9 :>=B@>;L, 2004. 0:8BA:0O .$. "5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20. !1., 1999. !. 213 0O=>2 $.. @>1;5<K B5>@88 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020 (.@8A?@C45=F88): #G51=K9 :C@A. .: @02> 8 3>AC40@AB2>, 2003. !0;K38= .. "5>:@0B8G5A:>5 3>AC40@AB2>. ., 1999. !. 36-85 !8AB5<0 A>25BA:>3> ?@020 8 ?5@A?5:B82K 55 @0728B8O // !>25BA:>5 3>AC40@AB2> 8 ?@02>. 1982. ! 6. !. 96. "5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020 CG51=8:. .. 0BC7>2, .. 0;L:>. - . .@8ABJ, 2004. !. 398 "5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020: C@A ;5:F89 / >4 @54. .. 0BC7>20 8 .. 0;L:>. ., 2000. ;. 4. !. 147 "8E>=>20 . . A=>2=K5 B5=45=F88 @0728B8O @>AA89A:>9 ?@02>2>9 A8AB5<K =0 @C1565 BKAOG5;5B89 - "><A:, 2000. '8@:8= .. >AC40@AB2>2545=85. ., 1999. !. 63 '8@:8= .. >45;8 A>2@5<5==>3> D545@0;87<0: A@02=8B5;L=K9 0=0;87//>AC40@AB2> 8 ?@02>. 1994. ! 8-9. (0@3>@>4A:89 .., >DD5 .!.  A8AB5<5 A>25BA:>3> ?@020 // !>25BA:>5 3>AC40@AB2> 8 ?@02>. 1957. ! 6. !. 103.  (0@3>@>4A:89 .., >DD5 .!.  A8AB5<5 A>25BA:>3> ?@020 // !>25BA:>5 3>AC40@AB2> 8 ?@02>. 1957. ! 6. !. 103.  14C;052 .. "5>@8O 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020. #G51=8:. ., 2004. !. 140  A=>2K ?@020: #G51=8: / >4 @54. ?@>D. .. 14C;0520. !1., 2004.  8F:528G .. !>>B=>H5=85 A8AB5<K A>25BA:>3> ?@020 A A8AB5<>9 A>25BA:>3> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 // #G5=K5 70?8A:8 !.  ., 1967.  K?. 1.  !. 11.  5=35@>2 .., 0@010H52 .!. >@<0B82=0O A8AB5<0 8 MDD5:B82=>ABL >1I5AB25==>3> ?@>872>4AB20.  ., 1985.  !. 45.  ;5:A552 !.!. 1I85 B5>@5B8G5A:85 ?@>1;5<K A8AB5<K A>25BA:>3> ?@020.  ., 1961.  !. 7.  !084>2 .%. 2545=85 2 >A=>2=K5 ?@02>2K5 A8AB5<K A>2@5<5==>AB8.  "0H:5=B, 1988.  !. 13.  5@8<>2 .. $8;>A>DA:85 ?@>1;5<K ?@020.  ., 1990.  !. 288.  >?@>AK ?@02>2545=8O: !1>@=8: =0CG=KE B@C4>2 N@848G5A:>3> D0:C;LB5B0. K?. 3 / >4 >1I. @54. .. '5@=KH>20; "0<1. 3>A. B5E=. C=-B.  "0<1>2, 2004.  92 A  0O=>2 $.. @>1;5<K B5>@88 3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020 (.@8A?@C45=F88): #G51=K9 :C@A. .: @02> 8 3>AC40@AB2>, 2003.  .. C4@O2F52, .. C=552, .. 0C<>2 @30=87>20==0O ?@5ABC?=>ABL 8 :>@@C?F8O 2 >AA88 (1997-1999) /   8 4@. ., 2000.     l 46ʤ̤RTDF^`jl*,:<DFҪԪ &(8:|~jltv~ȳʳҳԳxzRTjh9<0JUhjChh9<6]aJhjChh9<5\aJhjChh9<NHaJhjChh9<aJhjChh9<^JaJK0fJL~$dh7$8$H$`a$gd9<$a$gd9<gd9<$$dh`a$gd9<$dh`a$gd9<$ & F 6 dh^`a$gd9<T46ȹʹXZ Ľƽ&(fh @BVX~|~&(@BTV~TVVXjlhULNh9<OJQJ^JaJ hjChh9<hjChh9<5\aJh9< h9<aJhjChh9<NHaJhjChh9<aJL &(FHZ\24FHlndfjlPRjl "\񶭢h.h9<CJaJh.h9<aJh.h9<]aJh9<jhjChh9<0JUhjChh9<5\aJhjChh9<NHaJhjChh9<aJhjChh9<CJ h9<CJ @pbR$ & F -8dh^`a$gd9<$ & F -8dh^`a$gd9<* & F -8dh-D1$7$8$H$M ^`gd9<$dh`a$gd9< $dha$gd9< \^*, HJ8r*:06J(n df(lnù߯â߈߄h9<h.h9<_HaJh.h9<B*NHaJphh.h9<B*aJphh.h9<\aJh.h9<]aJ h.h9<CJOJQJ^JaJh.h9<NHaJh.h9<aJh.h9<CJaJh.h9<CJNHaJ28Pr*: $ & F -8dh1$]^`a$gd9<$ & F -8dh^`a$gd9<$ & F -8dh^`a$gd9<!$ & F -8dh7$8$H$^`a$gd9< J(n (u$ & F -8dh*$^`a$gd9< $ & F -8dh1$]^`a$gd9<$ & F -8dh^`a$gd9<-$ & F -8dh-D1$7$8$H$M ^`a$gd9< <H     {yy $da$gd9<$ 8dh^a$gd9<$d7$8$H$a$gd9< $ 8dh-D1$7$8$H$M a$gd]c 8dh-D1$7$8$H$M gdgH $da$gdgHgd9<<>@\HJ                   Ӻ򘎊vrjrjrjrjrjh1Uh1hwh9<NHaJhwh9<aJh9<jh9<0JUh3oh9<CJaJh]ch9<CJ]aJh]ch9<CJaJjh]ch9<0JUhgHh9<CJ]aJhgHh9<CJaJjhgHh9<0JU h3oh9<jh3oh9<0JU(          gd9< ,1h. A!"R#n$n% $$If!v h5555Z5P555P5 w#v#v#v#vZ#vP#v#v#vP#v w:V  `````````Z6, 5 34pZmkd$$If = ]""$$ `````````Z6$$$$34apZDyK acher@wiseowl.ruyK 0mailto:acher@wiseowl.ruDyK ancher77@mail.ruyK 0mailto:ancher77@mail.ru}DyK _Toc191609720}DyK _Toc191609720}DyK _Toc191609721}DyK _Toc191609721}DyK _Toc191609722}DyK _Toc191609722}DyK _Toc191609723}DyK _Toc191609723}DyK _Toc191609724}DyK _Toc191609724}DyK _Toc191609725}DyK _Toc191609725}DyK _Toc191609726}DyK _Toc191609726}DyK _Toc191609727}DyK _Toc191609727}DyK _Toc191609728}DyK _Toc191609728P@P gH1KG=K9 dCJPJ_HaJmHsHtHR@R gH 03>;>2>: 1$<@&5KH \^JaJ BA@B A=>2=>9 H@8DB 0170F0Xi@X 1KG=0O B01;8F04 l4a .k@. 5B A?8A:0d&@d gH =0: A=>A:85>*@B*CJEHH*KHOJQJRHdS*Y(aJph<@< gH "5:AB A=>A:8CJaJ4@4 gH 3;02;5=85 1:U@!: gH 8?5@AAK;:0 >*B*phfO2f 9< ConsNormal>P>@A2BC[DDEF@GILL`NoPSTTU XXXXRXK^ccdCdddceefff6gggShhii$jgjj k?kkkQllm~mmnnnn8o}oppp>qqrrsssssssss s#s0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-0G-00=0=0= 0= 0= 0= 0= 0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=0=00W0W0W0W0 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0 ~c 0 ~c 0 ~c 0 ~c 0 ~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c 0~c0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@000@0h00@0h00@0h00@0h00h00XZ_`de-#sj0 h0h0h00@0 j00h00 00  p ,Ac T\ >ABDEFGIK h(b0  ?CHJ @<TUu9`|~C_bceIehik"sXX X%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕX%ĕ̕ _Toc191609720 _Toc191609721 _Toc191609722 _Toc191609723 _Toc191609724 _Toc191609725 _Toc191609726 _Toc191609727 _Toc191609728 5l'!r-->Xc#s(kJ!--O>Xd#s k6<l6<nm6<T n6<o6<4p6<q6<Dr6<ܺs6<6 #$R>G=OPjij#s< )$X> GCOPpij#sC *urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsmetricconverter 47LLcd0dCdEfffff%g6g]iiiij$jKjgj,k?kkkkk?lQllllmmmnnnnnnnnnrr sssssssssssss s#snsssssssssss s#s*% HV Ufjs@< --^-`o(hH. ^`hH. pLp^p`LhH. @ @ ^@ `hH. ^`hH. L^`LhH. ^`hH. ^`hH. PLP^P`LhH.--^-`o(. ^`hH.  L ^ `LhH.   ^ `hH. mm^m`hH. =L=^=`LhH.   ^ `hH. ^`hH. L^`LhH. 6 6 ^6 `5OJPJQJ^Jo(hH-^`OJQJ^Jo(hHopp^p`OJQJo(hH@ @ ^@ `OJQJo(hH^`OJQJ^Jo(hHo^`OJQJo(hH^`OJQJo(hH^`OJQJ^Jo(hHoPP^P`OJQJo(hH Ujs*% HdLdLL.OE;gH9<$1]cz8MVWZ_`def#s+@@ee^ eeL9"spp ppppUnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z ArialcTimesNewRomanTimes New Roman7&{ @Calibri?5 z Courier New;Wingdings"1hf~^8~^8Yn4JnJn2qHX ?82Anna ChernenkoAnna Chernenko   Oh+'0|  8 D P\dltAnna Chernenko Normal.dotAnna Chernenko5Microsoft Office Word@0@Cv@~^՜.+,D՜.+,4 hp  Home8Jn    8@ _PID_HLINKSAB78_ _Toc19160972872_ _Toc1916097277,_ _Toc1916097267&_ _Toc1916097257 _ _Toc1916097247_ _Toc1916097237_ _Toc1916097227_ _Toc1916097217_ _Toc191609720# mailto:ancher77@mail.ru_ Ylmailto:acher@wiseowl.ru_   !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root Entry F >Data 1Table6WordDocument."SummaryInformation(DocumentSummaryInformation8CompObjq  F Microsoft Office Word MSWordDocWord.Document.89q